Medical genetics laboratories and genomic studies under the Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Department at the Syrian Atomic Energy Authority contribute to developing molecular diagnostic tools and detecting genetic diseases by employing modern laboratory techniques for specialized tests and applied research.
The head of the Authority's Media Office, Abdul Hamid Qatini, stated in an interview with SANA on Sunday that the laboratories operate along two integrated paths. The first focuses on providing diagnostic services and advanced molecular analyses, while the second is dedicated to conducting scientific studies and research in the fields of medical genetics, molecular biology, and cancer.
Technologies for Detecting Genetic Diseases
Qatini indicated that the laboratories rely on modern techniques for analyzing nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) and proteins, including Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), quantitative gene amplification (qPCR), and genetic sequencing techniques, to detect mutations and genetic changes associated with several genetic diseases prevalent in Syria.
Qatini explained that these tests contribute to enhancing diagnostic accuracy and providing necessary information for genetic counseling and early detection of certain genetic disorders, thereby helping to understand the nature of genetic diseases and evaluate the likelihood of their transmission between generations.
In the field of prenatal diagnosis, Qatini noted that the laboratories offer molecular analysis of amniotic fluid and chorionic villi samples, according to the appropriate medical timing for each test, to detect certain genetic disorders in the fetus early.
Research to Support Cancer Diagnosis
Qatini said that the laboratories' work includes the field of cancer, through studying molecular biomarkers in blood samples, tissue biopsies, and body fluids, including indicators such as messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (microRNA), and studying their association with the nature and progression of tumors and response to treatment.
He added that these studies contribute to enhancing the understanding of the molecular characteristics of tumors and supporting research aimed at improving diagnostic methods and monitoring treatment response, thereby opening avenues for developing more precise and effective therapeutic approaches.
On the research front, Qatini clarified that the laboratories use human cancer cells cultured in vitro to conduct experimental studies on the effect of drugs and medicinal plant extracts on cancer cells, and to study the mechanisms of their resistance to various treatments.
Enhancing Scientific Research
Qatini emphasized that the laboratories are keen to apply quality control and quality assurance procedures at all stages of laboratory work, starting from handling and preparing samples, through conducting analyses, to reviewing results and verifying their accuracy and reliability.
He pointed out that scientific and technical capabilities form an important pillar for enhancing applied scientific research, developing molecular diagnostic services, and supporting studies related to genetic and cancerous diseases, thereby contributing to utilizing scientific knowledge and modern biotechnologies to serve the health sector.
The Syrian Atomic Energy Authority was established in 1976 and began its institutional activities effectively in 1981, as a government body responsible for nuclear energy affairs and its peaceful applications in Syria.
Source: Syrian Arab News Agency (SANA)
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